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Traumatology
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Article

Complicated Grief and Its Relationship to Mental Health and Well-Being Among Bosnian Refugees After Resettlement in the United States: Implications for Practice, Policy, and Research

Carlton D. Craig*, Marie Antoinette Sossou, Ph.D, Michele Schnak, and Heather Essex

University of Kentucky

* To whom correspondence should be addressed. E-mail: carlton.craig{at}uky.edu.


  Abstract
This study investigates mental health and well-being variables in a randomly selected sample of Bosnian refugees. The sample was predominately female (56%), with a mean age of 42, and 56.5% were educated at 12 years of school or less with 43.5% reporting more than 12 years of education. Four standardized research instruments that measured trauma exposure, posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) symptomatology, complicated grief, anxiety, depression, well-being, and general mental health (a combined measure of well-being and psychological distress) were randomly disseminated among 500 Bosnian refugees with 126 (25%) surveys returned. Results revealed PTSD (66.6%), complicated grief (54%), anxiety (40%), and depression (31%) symptoms in the clinical range. A sequential regression revealed that 31% of the variance in poor general mental health was accounted for by complicated grief, whereas PTSD symptomatology only accounted for 6% of the variance. Implications for mental health interventions, research, and policy are discussed.

First published on October 13, 2008, doi:10.1177/1534765608322129

Traumatology 2008;14:103.

A more recent version of this article appeared on December 1, 2008

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